Reversing device for oil-engines.



C. W. WEISS.

R-EVERSING DEVICE FOR 01L ENGINES.

APPLICATION mzn 11mm 1916 Patented June 5, 1917.

mvenmr:

CARL W. WEI-S3, 0F BRCWOKLYN, NEW YORK.

REVER$ING DEVICE FOR OIfl-ENGINES.

Specification ofLetters Eatent.

Application filed June 1, 1916. Serial No. 101,132.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL "W. VVEISS, a citizen of the United States, andresiding in the borough of Brooklyn of the city of New York, county ofKings, in the State of New York, have invented certainnewv and usefulImprovements in Reversing Devices for Oil-Engines, of which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming a part hereof.

This invention relates generally to reversible oil engines and isconcernedparticularly with the provision of improved reversing thecylinder and thereby create a pressure above that for which the cylinderwas designed. Again, such controlling apparatus for starting andreversing has often been associated with means for by-passing .the fuelbut this arrangement is objectionable foe the reason that the speedgradations, such as are ordinari obtainedby manipulation of thethrottle, cannot besecured by a simple by-pass valve. In cutting ofi thefuel suddenly from the cylinder in this manner, not only are strainsimposed upon the engine but the compressed air for reversingis apt to bethrown into the cylinder before the speed has dropped, with uniformretardation, to a point where reversal can be effected without undueshocks. The disadvantages of the structures noted briefly are overcomeby the present invention by associating the reversing devicesoperatively with the throttling devices so that the two can never beplaced in such relative conditions that injury to the motor orunsatisfactory operation can ensue. In the accompanying drawings verysimple means for realizing the improvements have been illustrated but itwill be evident as the description proceeds that some other operativeconnection between the throttle and reversing lever may be devised andserve the same function as the safety locking lever illustrated herein.Thebroad objects of the invention having been pointed Patented June5,1917. v

out, it remains to describe the illustrative embodiment shown in thedrawings, -in

which,

Figure 1 is a view in perspective of afour-cylinder oil'engine to ,whichthe in vention is applied.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary detail view, in-

plan, and on a somewhat larger scalev show-- ing the relativedisposition of the throttle;

and reversing lever and the interposed safety locking lever.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary detail view, in

elevation, of the devices shown in Fig. 2.

In the interest of clearness, there has been illustrated in thedrawings, a four-cylinder.

oil engine a to which the invention is applied but it is to beunderstood that the improved devices are applicable generally tointernal combustion engines of any type. At one end of the crankcase aof the engine a there are supported, as through suitable brackets a anda an oil distributer b and an air distributer c the construction ofwhich is immaterial so far asthis invention is concerned. Thecontrolling valves in these distributers may carry on their stems b and0 spiral gears b and 0 adapted to mesh with a common gear 03 carried onthe crank-shaft dor operatively engaged therewith. The fuel oil may besupposed to pass tothe oil distributer Z2 from a suitable source ofsupply 6 through a pipe c and be led from the distributer to therespective cylinders a through distributing pipes 72 all insubstantially the manner well known. The oil supply may be controlled atthe distributer b by means of a suitable throttle lever f with which iscarried a segment f for a purpose which will appear later. i

In much the same, manner as described with ,.-.'respect to thecontrolling and distribution of the oil to. the several cylinders, 7

there is provided a source of compressed air, indicated at g, from whichthe air is led to the distributor 0 through a pipe 9' and this airfinally passes to one of the cylinders a through the appropriatedistributing pipe 0 and in proper time relation to the cycle ofoperations within the cylinders. The flow of air to the" distributingvalve in the casing c is controlled by what may be termed a reversinglever it, although it will be understood that by manipulation of thislever the air is permitted to pass to the cylinders a for starting theengine or for reversing it."

5 in the drawings, the air is cut off from the adistributing pipes c andthe lever h lies substantially parallel to the throttle lever f, the

' median position of which serves to place the oil distributing pipes bin .communication with the oil supply.

so far as described, there'is no particular relation between the oildistributer b and the air distributer 0 except that the controllingvalvestherein are operated in unison from the crank-shaft d. But eventhis harmonious operation would not prevent the attendant from somanipulating the throttle lever f and the reversing lever h as to throwcomressed air, say at about the usual pressure of 150 to 175 pounds,into one of the cylinders at the time when the piston was about tocommence its compression stroke. If the pressure of the air were thusadded to the compression pressure the engine would be zsjsubjected to aninternal pressure far above that for which it is designed and the dangerof. a serious accident would be great. Again, if compressed air wereadmitted into the cy'linders wjthout regard to the cycle of operationsgoing on therein or the speed of the engine the results would be equallydisastrons were the air opposed to the operating force. It is theprincipal object of this invention to provide positive safety lockingdevices which shall be so related to the fuel controlling devices andthe air controlling devices as to prevent their being placed in suchrelative conditions as to permit injurious or unsatisfactory operationof the engine under any circumstances. ,As noted before, the specificcharacter of these improved safety devices may be altered through wideranges and the invention of the illustrated embodiment retained.However, there is shown. in the accompanying drawings a simple lockinglever which is operatively interposed between the reversing lever 72.and the throttle lever f andso associated therewith that neither ofthese controlling levers can be so manipulated as to bring aboutdangerous or unsatisfactory operation of the engine. The locking leveri, as shown, is pivotally mounted adjacent" its mid-section on apivotepin. 2" carried on a bracket a fixed to the crank case a betweenthe brackets a and a for the distributers b andc, respectively. One endof the lock ing lever i has a beveled nose 2' which cooperates with thesegment f of the throttle lever While the other end of the lever has a.simllar nose 11 for cooperation with a reversely beveled boss 71 formedon the under face of the reversing lever h.

'In operation, with the throttle lever f in asits cut-oflt' position,the starting lever k can assess? be moved from its median position tothe ahead position thereby admitting compressed air into the propercylinder for starting the engine. ahead. After the engine has beenturned over in this manner the throttle will be manipulated to admit thefuel into the cylinders and when it is thus manipulated the edge of thesegment f will engage the beveled face of the nose 2' on the lockinglever i so as to cause this nose to ride up on the circular portion ofthe.

segment and thereby rock the lever to a position where the other nose iwill lie in the path of the beveled boss h When the starting lever h isthen moved to its median position to cut 05 the air, it will be evidentthat it will be held against movement to reversing position by theengagement of the boss with the nose 71 Of course, during operation ofthe engine with the boss in the position described the attendant maymove the starting lever h to the ahead position but such movement willserve only to admit compressed air to the cylinders in such relation tothe moving pistons as to have no effect thereon and be exhausted at eachexhaust stroke. If now, it be assumed that the engine is to be reversed,the segment f must be carried out of engagement with the nose 7? of thelocking lever z in order that this lever may rock sufliciently to permitthe nose i to be carried out of the path of the boss 7L To effect thisrelease of the locking lever i, the throttle lever f must be turned to aposition where the fuel is cut off. During this movement, the fuel willbe gradually throttled until, when the segment has moved out ofengagement with the nose 1?, the engine will have been slowed down by auniform retardation, to a point where the air can be safely admitted toefiect the reversal without injury or undue shock. After the curvedportion of the segment f has been moved out of engagement with the nose2, the reversing lever k may be thrown to the back position during whichmovement the beveled nose i will ride idly over the beveled edge of theboss 72?. Movement of the lever 71,. to either the ahead position or theback position may be limited conveniently by means of lugs 7c on theupper face of the distributer c. The reversal just described evidentlycannot be brought about except when the fuel is cut off from thecylinders since the locking lever engages the boss 7L2, norcan this reversal be effected until after the engine has been slowed down in theusual manner by movement of the throttle valve to its outoff position.After the air has been admitted to effect the reversal in the mannerdescribed, fuel may then be admitted into the cylinders for operation ofthe engine by moving the throttle valve again to its median position. Inreturning to its median position the segment f will engage the bevelednose 2' and throw the safety lever to its locking position and with thenose i again in the path of the boss if but on the other side thereof,so that the reversing lever k cannot be moved past the nose 7? to theahead position. And so, after each manipulation of the levers f and k,the look ing lever is automatically released from or fixed in safetyposition, according to the positions of said levers, thereby insuringagainst the creation of conditions within the cylinder in whichdangerous or unsatisfactory operation might ensue. The controllingleverlt for the air may always be moved to admit air in proper phaserelation to the cycle of operations but it can never be moved to aposition in which the compressed air will be opposed to the compressiveor explosive force within the cyllnders.

As indicated hereinbefore, it will be obvious to the skilled mechanicthat other devices for operatively connecting or looking the levers fand h, or their equivalents, can be substituted for the simple safetylever 2', without loss of any of the advantages herein described, butall such modified constructions are to be deemed within the spirit ofthis invention provided the stated objects are realized and themodifications fall within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an internal combustion engine, in combination with a source offuel, an in dependent source of compressed starting medium, means tocontrol the fuel, independent means to control the compressed medium forstarting and reversing, and devices operatively interposed between saidmeans for locking one of said means against movement to a certainpredetermined position relative to the other of said means when theother of said means is in predetel-mined position.

2. In an internal combustion engine, in combination with a source offuel, an independent source of compressed starting medium, a throttlelever, an independent starting and .reversing lever for the compressedmedium, and means operatively interposed between said levers for lockingone of said levers against movement to a certain predetermined positionrelative to the other of said levers when the other is in predeterminedposition.

3. In an internal combustion engine in combination with a source offuel, an independent source of compressed starting medium, means tocontrol the fuel, independent means to control the compressed medium forstarting and reversing, and devices operatively interposed between saidmeans to lock the controlling means for the compressed medium againstmovement to a position in which the compressed medium would be admittedto oppose the fuel while the fuel is being admitted.

4. In an internal combustion engine, means to control the fuel, means tocontrol the compressed medium for starting and reversing, and devicesoperatively interposed between said means to lock the controlling meansfor the compressed medium against movement to one actuating positionWhile the fuel is being admitted, while permitting free movement thereofto the otheri position.

combination with a source of fuel, an independent source of compressedstarting medium, means to control the fuel, means to control thecompressed medium for starting and reversing, and a locking lever in--terposed between said means and operative to hold said means againstmovement to certain predetermined relative positions.

6. In an internal combustion engine in combination with a source offuel, an independent source of compressed starting medium, a throttlelever, an independent lever to control the compressed medium forstarting and reversing, and a locking lever interposed between saidlevers and operative to hold them against movement to certainpredetermined relative positions.

In an internal combustion engine in combination with a source of fuel,an in; dependent source of compressed starting medium, a throttle lever,a segment thereon, an independent lever to control the compressed mediumfor starting and reversing, a reversely beveled boss on the startinglever, and a locking lever interposed between said first named leversand having its ends disposed to cooperate with said segment and boss,respectively, to maintain the throttle lever and starting lever inpredetermined relative positions.

8. In an internal combustion engine in combination with a source offuel, an in dependent source of compressed starting medium, a fueldistributer, a compressed air distributer, a single gear to drive saiddistributers in unison, a throttle lever, an independent starting andreversing lever, and a locking lever operatively interposed between saidfirst named levers to prevent the simultaneous admission of fuel and airunder objectionable conditions.

This specification signed this 26th day of May, A. D. 1916. 4

CARL W. WEISS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

5. In an internal combustion engine in' ssl

